Bull Seal: The Mighty Zebu of the Indus Valley

What is the Bull Seal?
The Bull Seal is a stunning artifact from the Indus Valley Civilization, carved on large steatite seals, often bigger than others, from around 2500 BCE to 1700 BCE. It features a zebu bull—a type of cattle from India—with a big hump, a floppy dewlap under its neck, and wide, curving horns. A short line of mysterious symbols sits above it, still unreadable today.

The Story Behind It
Imagine a busy street in ancient Harappa, where a craftsman chips away at a stone, shaping a zebu bull that seems to leap off the seal. This isn’t just any bull—it’s a giant with a proud hump and horns that sweep the sky. Some say it’s the leader of the herd, strong and fierce, guarding its family with power. Others whisper it’s a sacred gift, ready for a big ritual to honour the gods. In its steady gaze, you can almost feel the heartbeat of Mohenjo-Daro, a city alive with trade and secrets. This bull might’ve stood for the toughest clans or the top leaders, a mark of might carved in stone.

A Long History
The Bull Seal was found at the biggest Indus Valley cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, dug up by archaeologists in the 1920s. It’s rare compared to unicorns, which makes it extra special, though bulls show up lots on pots and as little statues from even before the cities were built. The zebu bull has stuck around, from those ancient days to now, popping up in art and stories across India’s history.

Why It Matters
This seal is a bridge from the past to today. The zebu bull links to Nandi, Lord Shiva’s ride in Hinduism, showing how old ideas still live on. It might’ve meant strength, protection, or even sacrifice back then—maybe the leader of the herd or a gift to the gods. Today, zebu cattle roam India’s fields, and their image ties Harappa’s ancient world to modern culture, proving some things never fade.

Where to See It
You can spot a Bull Seal at the National Museum on Janpath Road in New Delhi. It’s open from 10 AM to 6 PM, closed Mondays—check their website for entry details. Look out for other Indus Valley treasures like seals and figurines while you’re there.

Fun Facts

• Bull seals are rare, but bulls are everywhere in Indus art—on pots, toys, and more!
• The zebu’s hump helps it survive hot weather, a real Indian superstar.
• Some think it stood for the strongest families or city bosses in Harappa.
• Nandi, Shiva’s bull, might’ve started with seals like this one.